Navigating accurately on the seas (or even in the air!) requires precise instruments. One such vital instrument is the magnetic compass. However, the magnetic compass doesn’t always point directly to true north. This discrepancy is due to the magnetic fields generated by the ship itself – its steel hull, engines, electrical wiring, and other metal components. These fields interfere with the Earth’s magnetic field, causing a deviation in the compass reading. This deviation varies depending on the ship’s heading.
Therefore, a **Compass Deviation Card** is crucial. It’s a simple, yet essential document that allows the navigator to correct for this deviation, ensuring accurate course plotting and safe navigation. The Deviation Card essentially maps out the compass deviation for different headings of the vessel.
This post will provide you with a template to create your own Compass Deviation Card. Remember, the accuracy of your Deviation Card directly impacts the safety of your vessel. It’s recommended to have it professionally calibrated, especially for larger vessels. This template provides a framework; a professional compass adjuster uses specialized equipment to accurately measure and compensate for the deviation on a specific vessel.
Understanding the Compass Deviation Card Template
The Compass Deviation Card isn’t complex, but understanding its purpose and structure is critical for its effective use. It typically lists the magnetic compass heading and the corresponding deviation, which can be east (+) or west (-). The deviation is the amount, in degrees, that the compass reading differs from the magnetic heading.
When using the Deviation Card, you find the magnetic compass heading on the card and apply the listed deviation to obtain the true magnetic heading. Conversely, when planning a course, you start with the desired true heading, apply the opposite of the deviation (called ‘correction’), and get the compass heading to steer.
Why is a Compass Deviation Card Necessary?
Ignoring compass deviation can lead to significant errors in navigation. Imagine sailing on a heading that you believe is 090 degrees (East), but due to deviation, your actual heading is 080 degrees. Over time, this small difference can accumulate and cause you to drift significantly off course, potentially leading to grounding, collisions, or getting lost.
The Deviation Card allows for a simple and quick correction to compensate for this error, ensuring that the vessel stays on the intended course. It’s particularly important for vessels that frequently change heading, as the deviation can vary significantly depending on the direction the ship is facing.
The card should be placed near the magnetic compass where it is easily accessible to the navigator. Regular checks of the compass accuracy and Deviation Card are recommended, especially after significant changes in the ship’s magnetic environment, such as after welding, major electrical repairs, or after carrying large magnetic cargo.
Compass Deviation Card Template (HTML List)
Here’s a basic HTML template you can adapt to create your own Compass Deviation Card. Remember to fill in the actual deviation values, which need to be determined through compass swinging and calibration. This template provides a structured way to organize and display the compass deviation information.
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Vessel Name: [Vessel Name Here]
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Compass Location: [Compass Location on Vessel]
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Deviation determined: [Date of Deviation Determination]
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Adjusted by: [Name of Adjuster – if professionally adjusted]
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Compass Deviation Table:
- Compass Heading (degrees) | Deviation (degrees E/W)
- 000 | [Deviation Value]
- 030 | [Deviation Value]
- 060 | [Deviation Value]
- 090 | [Deviation Value]
- 120 | [Deviation Value]
- 150 | [Deviation Value]
- 180 | [Deviation Value]
- 210 | [Deviation Value]
- 240 | [Deviation Value]
- 270 | [Deviation Value]
- 300 | [Deviation Value]
- 330 | [Deviation Value]
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Notes: [Any notes regarding the compass or the deviation, e.g., “Deviation particularly unstable on headings between 200-220 degrees.”]
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